Abstract: Human cytomegalovirus (hCMV) anterior segment infections often manifest as corneal endotheliitis and anterior uveitis. HCMV corneal endotheliitis may be caused by hCMV replication in corneal endothelial cells (CEC) or anterior chamber associated immune deviation. Treatment needs to target the inflammatory components and the virus itself, and systemic or local ganciclovir combined with local glucocorticoid therapy can be used. HCMV anterior uveitis can manifest as Posner-Schlossman syndrome (PSS) and Fuchs syndrome. The high affinity of hCMV for CEC and trabecular meshwork cells often leads to a decrease in CEC density and an uncontrollable increase in intraocular pressure. HCMV anterior uveitis can develop as secondary glaucoma. When corticosteroids, antiviral and antihypertensive medicines are ineffective, glaucoma surgery and other treatments need to be performed in time. (Int Rev Ophthalmol, 2020, 44：202-206)